Spirituality in Howl by Allen Ginsberg Essays -- Papers Poem Poetry

Spirituality in Howl by Allen Ginsberg Allen Ginsberg's poem "Howl" is a complex and intriguing poem about the divine in the common world. The minor themes of drugs and sexuality work together to illuminate the major theme of spirituality. The poem reveals through a multitude of sharp images and phrases that everything from drug use to homosexuality to mental illness is holy, even in a world of atom bombs and materialistic America, which Ginsberg considers not to be holy and he refers to as Moloch. As it is stated in Ginsberg's "Footnote To Howl," "The world is holy! The soul is holy! The skin is holy! The nose is/ holy! The tongue and cock and hand and *censored* holy! / Everything is Holy! Everybody's holy! Everywhere is holy!" (3-5). Sexuality is a theme that runs throughout the entire poem. It is not an uptight sexuality of the 1950's culture but a liberated one. And this sexual imagery, that mostly takes place in the first part of the poem, constantly refers to spirituality and the divine. The poem reads, "who let themselves be *censored*ed in the ass by saintly motorcyclists, and/ screamed with joy, / who blew and were blown by those human seraphim, the sailors," (91-93). These two images contrast the common view of homosexuality in the 1950's. The sailors are "seraphim", and the motorcyclists are "saintly". They are not corrupt as the common view might see it. The combination of these images helps to uncover the true theme of the piece. The things that most people of the time would consider to be depraved, such as homosexuality, are actually divine. Images of drug-use are other tools that are used in this poem to help illuminate the major theme. Once again, even though the drug -users " †¦ate fire in paint... ... machinery! Moloch whose blood is running money! Moloch whose fingers are ten armies! Moloch whose breast is a cannibal dynamo! Moloch whose ear is a smoking tomb! Moloch whose love is endless oil and stone! Moloch whose soul is electricity and banks! Moloch whose poverty is the specter of genius! Moloch whose fate is a cloud of sexless hydrogen! Moloch whose name is the mind! (262-73) Even with all this negativity in the poem, the major theme of spirituality remains. The poem "Footnote To Howl" sums up the theme of spirituality in "Howl". It reads, "The bum's as holy as the seraphim! the madman is as holy as you my/ soul are holy!" (7-8). Spirituality and the divine run through "Howl" like veins. They carry the theme throughout the piece and deliver it to the reader. Works Cited Ginsberg, Allen. Howl and other Poems City Lights Books San Francisco 1956

Hawk Roosting Critical Essay

Hawk Roosting: Critical Essay Kieran Mooney Task: Choose a poem which is a specific poetic form. Show how the particular form helped your appreciation of the ideas and/or feelings which the poem explores. In your answer you must refer closely to the text and at least two of; form, theme, imagery, or any other appropriate features. â€Å"Hawk Roosting† is a poem by Ted Hughes. The poem helps the reader appreciate the ideas and feelings which are explored throughout the poem. This is skilfully done through form, imagery and word choice over the course of the poem. The poem is about a hawk resting high up in a tree. Through a monologue, the poem reveals the hawk to be a steady-minded, rational and believable character. In the first stanza, the poet begins to hint to the reader what sort of personality the hawk has. He does this in the first line if the poem: â€Å"I sit in the top of the wood, my eyes closed† This suggests to the reader that the hawk has no fear. This is shown by the words ‘eyes closed’. The word ‘top’ signifies that the hawk is the top in the forest and that he rules the forest, and that there is nobody above, or more powerful than him. The hawk is again referred to being powerful in the line: â€Å"Between my hooked head and hooked feet† In this line the alliteration of ‘h’ together with the assonance in ‘oo’ makes the reader drag out the word ‘hooked’, which emphasises the word and the hard harsh sound contained in it. This portrays a dangerous and rugged view of the hawk. Stanza two shows the reader that the hawk believes the elements that are there are ‘of advantage’ to him: The air’s buoyance and the sun’s ray, Are of advantage to me† This shows the hawk feels everything is there to assist him, and that he is the reason all the elements exist. The poet uses personification to describe the ‘air’ and the ‘sun’, this tells the reader the hawk feels they are on his side and he rules them, like a general inspecting his troops. This idea is continued in stanza three with: â€Å"And the earth’s face upwards for my inspection† This again makes the reader aware of the hawk’s superiority and reminds them that the hawk is not going to give up his position without a fight. The hawk goes on to tell the reader: â€Å"It took the whole of Creation to produce my foot, my each feather. Now I hold creation in my foot† This shows the hawk is a well-designed creature, and is perfectly adapted for living in the woods. The quote also shows the hawk to be arrogant and obnoxious, as he feels he is better that his Creator, God, as having exceeded him. In Stanza four the idea of superiority is shown present once again: â€Å"I kill where I please because it is all mine† This clearly states where the hawk believes he stands, and shows that he has no remorse for any of the other creatures. The idea that the hawk is a ruthless killer, and he kills his prey without a second thought, culpability or being beleaguered by his integrity. The hawk again shows his power: â€Å"There is no sophistry in my body. My manners are tearing off heads† This show to the reader that the hawk to be lethal and vicious. It also shows that because he is on top, the hawk does not need to be polite, respectful or sophisticated, and that he feels no empathy for their pain or suffering, and has no regard to killing them. This further shows his merciless nature. The fifth stanza is the hawk describing his home as ‘the allotment of death’. This shows the reader the hawk has total power and control over everything and reinforces the fact that he feels he can kill what and where he likes without any consideration. It also tells us: â€Å"For the one path of m flight is direct, through the bones of the living† This gives the reader an extremely gruesome and graphic image of the hawk killing its prey, and shows us the reality of his predator behaviour. It also links back to ‘no sophistry’ and ‘tearing off head’ to strengthen the fact that he is a powerful cold blooded killer. We are told: â€Å"No arguments assert my right† This demonstrates that the hawk is indeed the top predator in the forest and that nobody dares to challenge him for his position. In the final stanza, stanza six, we are given a haughty, self-flattering closing statement from the hawk: â€Å"Nothing has changed since I began. My eye has permitted no change. I am going to keep thing like this† This shows us the hawk is well aware of the effect he has on the environment and is instinctive in his actions. He is content with the way things have turned out and are not going to let them change easily, especially as the odds are in his favour. he is going to try keep things running his way as changing things would upset the natural rhythm of life. In conclusion, â€Å"Hawk Roosting† is a poem which helps the reader appreciate the ideas and feelings which are explored throughout the poem, through the poets use of imagery and word choice throughout the poem. [900 words]

Cinematography And Music Kill Bill - 1074 Words

Cinematography and Music Kill Bill: Vol 1. (2003) is a film directed by, the famous, Quentin Tarantino. From start to finish, it is packed with action and excitement. This movie has a plethora of interesting elements. Yet the cinematography of Kill Boll: Vol 1. is one that makes history. Not only does it have camera angles unlike any others shown in a normal film, but it keeps the audiences’ attention. The unique choice of music adds originality to the film. For a movie with such a serious storyline, the music involved is quite quirky. Some would even say childish. Anyone who has seen a movie directed by Quentin Tarantino before will understand that adjustments like this are a reflection of his style. All of his work reveals that. A. O. Scott from The New York Times wrote a review of Kill Bill: Vol. 1. Titling this review as â€Å"Blood Bath Beyond†. This title is not only accurate but it fits the theme of the movie by adding humor to an extremely tense situation. The film focuses on the Bride (Uma Thurman) as she starts marking people off of her â€Å"Kill List†. While the movie is not in chronological order, it is clear who she is killing, and especially who she is saving for last. The last scene is the unnamed main character creating this list, but this is actually the first thing she does, prior to killing anyone. The opening scene is the Bride being brutally beaten and is displayed in black and white. It is quickly revealed that she is bearing a child and after the harm sheShow MoreRelatedBeauty And The Beast Analysis880 Words   |  4 PagesAshton Willis Mrs. Heaton Film Studies September 15, 2017 Beauty and the Beast Critical Review â€Å"A tale as old as time†¦Ã¢â‚¬  A story that everyone knows and loves, Beauty and the Beast (2017) takes a modern turn on an old tale. Director Bill Condon beautifully portrays a monstrous beast falling in love with a local intelligent woman. Belle (Emma Watson) and the Beast (Dan Stevens) exquisitely show that even the most unlikely of creatures can overcome tough obstacles to find true love. ScreenwritersRead MoreEssay Horror Films: The Haunted Castle by George Melies1616 Words   |  7 Pages Kubrick and Spielberg take a different approach and scare audiences on a psychological level. The Shining and Jaws evoke fear through the use of three different film aspects: the use of a â€Å"danger† color, daunting soundtracks, and suspenseful cinematography. Looking for peace and quiet to write his novel, Jack Torrance (Jack Nicholson) becomes the winter caretaker of Colorado’s desolate Overlook Hotel. Despite learning about the previous caretaker’s descent to madness, and the slaughtering of hisRead MoreEssay on The Auteur Theory: Stanley Kubrick1209 Words   |  5 Pagesattention to detail in every aspect of his movies. One of the most prominent aspects of Kubrick’s style, especially as his career progressed, was his use of music to evoke emotion, tension, or a sense of discombobulation. He would use the music in unconventional ways, like in 2001 Space Odyssey, where he contrasts the dark mystery with classical music that is light in nature. Furthermore much can be said for the soundscapes used throughout his movies. They are bold yet sometimes stark, and silence isRead MoreFilm Analysis – Kill Bill Vol. 1 Essay example2406 Words   |  10 PagesKill Bill Volume 1 is the first part in a series of two movi es that was written and directed by Quentin Tarantino. He never seems to tire of pointing out all the movies hes referenced, paid tribute to and been inspired by. In this film analysis, I will describe all the movies that have influenced him and show up in Kill Bill. I will also describe some of the cinematography and how it made the movie stand out. 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This is especially true of the moment I will discuss, in whichRead MoreEssay on Violence in Cinema1572 Words   |  7 Pagessubjectify the woman’s perspective, thus reestablishing the female as a victim rather then an object and rendering the act of violence intelligible (deplorable, open to interpretation). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The cast of Quentin Tarantino’s Kill Bill Volume 1 is predominantly female, the main character (â€Å"The Bride†) is a fearless heroine who battles other savage villainesses. However, this film’s revenge plot is based on acts of sexual and physical violence (The Bride’s is intended to be murderedRead More The Legend of Ed Gein and His Filmic Rebirth Essay1992 Words   |  8 Pagescut her chest open–side to side and up and down. He cut off her head too. I like to thrown up when they told me that. I went and arrested that nutcase myself. He kept saying I aint do nothin. I aint do nothin. It took all I had not to kill him then and there. Anyway, he was found guilty of what he done. I thought theyd fry him, but they put him in a crazy house instead. He died there in 1984. The thing that gets me ‘bout him is that he told us that he would put on that skin vest,Read MoreThe Simplest Form, By Francois Truffaut2158 Words   |  9 Pagesalways uses the same fundamental themes and techniques in order to print his signature on his work. Most of his films narratives consist of the theme of racism and the rational and continues use of the N-word, the overuse of foul language and the cinematography of his mise-en-scene including the position of the camera, his tracking techniques and his long takes. Some people may disagree with some of the techniques of Tarantino films, most famously would be the use of violence and they would argue thatRead MoreHarry Potter8051 Words   |  33 Pagesin July 2011.[7][8] Contents  Ã‚  [hide]   * 1  Origins * 1.1  Casting the roles of Harry, Ron and Hermione * 2  Production * 2.1  Directors * 2.2  Scripts * 2.3  Cast and crew * 2.4  Set design * 2.5  Cinematography * 2.6  Editing * 2.7  Music * 2.8  Visual effects * 2.9  Final filming * 3  Plot * 3.1  Harry Potter and the Philosopher s Stone  (2001) * 3.2  Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets  (2002) * 3.3  Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban  (2004)Read MoreGoodfellas: a Movie Review3819 Words   |  16 PagesYork during the height of organized crime. The film starts off at night, with a speeding car switching lanes on the high. The director Martin Scorsese is trying to give the viewer a feeling of mystery, suspicion, and wonder. There is no background music and no dialogue, and this is to let the viewer make inferences as to why the car is going so fast and who is driving it. Then 1970, New York is shown to let the audience know where the plot is taking place. Suddenly three characters are shown without

Coordinating Conjunction Definition and Examples

A coordinating conjunction is a  conjunction (such as and) that joins two similarly constructed and/or syntactically equal words, phrases, or clauses within a sentence, whether they are adjectives, adverbs, nouns, or verbs. Its also called a coordinator. The coordinating conjunctions in English are and, but, for, nor, or, so, and yet. (See the coordinating conjunction and as it functions in that list of conjunctions?) Compare their use with ​subordinating conjunctions, which join items that are not of equal weight. When joining two independent clauses to create a compound sentence, place a comma before the conjunction. When they join two verbs, for example in the case of a compound predicate, you dont use a comma before the conjunction.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Independent Clauses vs. Compound Predicates Independent clauses look  like these examples below. They each have a subject and a verb, making them complete thoughts that stand on their own: She wondered when he would get home. She decided not to call. If we were to write them as one sentence, wed either need to join them with a semicolon or a comma and a coordinating conjunction like this:   She wondered when he would get home, but she decided not to call. Note that each clause keeps its own subject and verb. If theyd be joined without the comma and conjunction, theyd be a fused sentence or a comma splice.   This version of the  sentence contains a compound predicate, two verbs that share the same subject:   She wondered when he would get home but decided not to call. Theres no comma before but because there is only one subject for both verbs. She both wondered and decided. There are no longer two independent clauses. Decided not to call cant stand on its own as a sentence. Conjunctions Starting a Sentence In some cases, a coordinating conjunction may be used as a transition at the beginning of a new sentence. It can break up a static rhythm between similarly structured sentences or lead off a very short  sentence to add emphasis to that sentence in the paragraph. Theres some debate whether writers should be able to use the conjunctions in this way or whether thats a rule that shouldnt exist. Author David Crystal explains: And at the beginning of a sentence? During the 19th century, some schoolteachers took against the practice of beginning a sentence with a word like but or and, presumably because they noticed the way young children often overused them in their writing. But instead of gently weaning the children away from overuse, they banned the usage altogether! Generations of children were taught they should never begin a sentence with a conjunction. Some still are.There was never any authority behind this condemnation. It isnt one of the rules laid down by the first prescriptive grammarians. Indeed, one of those grammarians, Bishop Lowth, uses dozens of examples of sentences beginning with and. And in the 20th century, Henry Fowler, in his famous Dictionary of Modern English Usage, went so far as to call it a superstition. He was right. There are sentences starting with And that date back to Anglo-Saxon times. (The Story of English in 100 Words. St. Martins Press, 2012) Following through with the example in the previous section, it could read like this: She wondered when he would get home. But she decided not to call. Splitting up the two sentences changes their rhythm and pacing slightly, as compared with having them joined into one sentence with the conjunction between them. Starting a sentence with a conjunction isnt a convention you want to use sentence after sentence, paragraph after paragraph, but it can serve as a tool to create drama in a passage through altering its pacing and rhythm.

Current Ethical Issues - 1503 Words

Current Ethical Issues University of Phoenix Ethics in Management PHL/323 June 12, 2011 In today’s society there are many decisions made every day that have an effect on not only a single person but can contribute to decisions and actions that many other people make as well. Many decisions have an ethical standpoint that each person must address to make sure that it is a decision they are ready and willing to make. Each decision needs to incorporate the main issues at hand, who it will affect and how, as well as any possible side effects from the decision. Recently, the Phoenix Police Department of Arizona has been faced with many ethical dilemmas that have scared their image. Even though many in the police force have tried†¦show more content†¦This leadership came into play, although all individuals involved are adults and accountable for their own actions, by the sergeants’ participation giving the ethical impression to the subordinate officers’ their actions are acceptable. Leadership is extremely important in every organization, a nd although Gary Marche reveals, â€Å"There is no evidence to support the â€Å"individual rotten apple† theory† he ties corruption to leadership as the fish is known to rot at the head (Marche, 51). When we think of Police Officers, we imagine individuals that are presented with a code of conduct. Officers are thought to be people that can be trusted and will help uphold the law. It is rare to hear about an officer involved investigation as most officers are able to maintain a good record and make confident decision with the moral code in place. The extra expenses to the city that these investigations require are a major drawback that has an impact on not only the officers but the entire community. Because the officers have already been screened they are often given the benefit of the doubt in the courts eyes and are allowed to continue their careers as long as they are able to justify their decisions and ensure that they were within the law. Only when an officer has been accused of a crime that suits an investigation or is connected to an Internal Affairs investigation are they required to take additionalShow MoreRelatedCurrent Ethical Issues Paper755 Words   |  4 PagesCurrent Ethical Issues Paper Heidi L. Hinckley XMGT/216 December 16, 2012 Dan Mitchell In creating this paper I have decided to use the Kudler Fine Foods organization, due to the fact that I enjoy trying new flavors from around the world. Kudler Find Foods is â€Å"a local upscale specialty food store† (Kudler website) located in California. Kudler Fine Foods currently has three locations in the state of California. 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Patient Falls Free Essays

Preventing Patient Falls in Inpatient Hospital Settings Introduction For the most part, hospitals are places where one comes for healing and it is place where our clients should feel safe and away from harm. Nurses have an important role as a patient advocate and are to provide all clients with safe, compassionate, and quality care at all times. Nonetheless, the hospital can also be a dangerous place for inpatients. We will write a custom essay sample on Patient Falls or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is a foreign environment to clients and there may be alterations in their medical condition in regards to their physical and/or mental status. With this said, there is a need to improve upon how we care for our clients, especially those who are at most risk for various incidents. Background Certain facilities have dedicated efforts such as research and quality improvement teams to prevent incidents, yet patient falls still make up the largest category of reported incidents in hospitals (The Joint Commission, 2007). As nurses, we see fall prevention programs such as using fall risk assessment tools to determine how many our patients are at risk for falls. In the inpatient setting, nurses also implement bed alarms and encourage â€Å"fall risk† clients to use the call light especially while getting up and out of bed. Although these tools ensure some security for our clients, it is not enough as it does not fully protect our patient population. This problem is significant to nursing as it compromises the safety and well-being of our clients, affects the length of stay, and also affects finances for both the patient and the hospital. So the question is: how can we promote safer hospital stays and prevent inpatient falls? Method This exploratory study used a qualitative research design that was conducted in one acute, medical adult unit (32 beds) in a Michigan medical center. The clinical nurses who currently work in the study unit were recruited for interviews. † (Tzeng, 2008) These participants were asked for their input regarding how and why patient falls occur in the hospital setting according to their perspective, and to think of ways to implement new regulations and ways to prevent inpatient falls. (Tzeng, 2008) It would be ideal to create a fall prevention team that includes current staff who are directly involved n the care of clients. This team would include physicians, former or current staff nurses, assisting personnel, and other healthcare members since they all spend time at the patients’ bedside, and they may have insight into areas of improvement that others may not see. An interdisciplinary effort would be an overall better approach when dealing with precautions that would affect the facility’s policy and procedure changed in the facility. (Hughes, 2007) All of the members input about healthcare improvement may be highly constructive and would greatly benefit safety goals. The Joint Commission emphasizes that a better physical design of facilities may also lead to improved healthcare outcomes such as fewer patient falls. (Joint Commission, 2007) Results â€Å"The primary root causes of fatal falls as reported by healthcare organizations involved inadequate staff communication, incomplete orientation and training, incomplete patient assessment and reassessment, environmental issues, incomplete care planning, unavailable or delayed care provision, and inadequate organizational culture of safety. (Joint Commission, 2007) If a client is high-fall-risk, implementing continuous observation by bringing in a sitter for the patient would be best. If there are patients that are demented or confused, it may be ideal to inform and educate the family to visit and care for them as much as possible so that it provides the client with a familiar environment. If there are bed alarms set for certain patients, maybe it is best to group these patients closer to nurses st ation so the responsible nurse to could hear the alarms better and react faster. Other findings include communicating changes in the patients’ behavior and conditions to oncoming nurses during shift change. Educating the family is always beneficial, so that they know about details such as non-slip socks, the importance of keeping the side rails up, and using the call light in concerns. Considering all over-the-counter and prescription drugs the client is taking is important, as well as considering the physical environment and thoroughly assessing and re-assessing clients for any physical and mental changes. Ensuring that the client’s room and restroom are clean, dry, and free of clutter should also be a concern. For nurses especially, we should not also rely on housekeeping or the aides. If we could go out our way, just for a few minutes, this may just be enough sometimes to keep our patients out of harm’s way. Ethical Considerations People with autonomy have the freedom to choose between multitudes of options. (Burkhardt Nathaniel, 2008) Autonomy is the ability to freely choose amongst a variety of options that would have certain effects on a person’s life. Most of the clients that seek healthcare are independent in caring for themselves or formerly independent in self-care. At times, nurses encounter clients who seem to be stubborn or not enthused with the idea that now at a certain time of their life, they are not able to do things completely by themselves. Their autonomy has now been compromised by medical or other conditions they have. Nurses encounter problems with certain people who do not call for help or have healthcare personnel assist them when they really are at risk for falls and other injuries. If a problem such as this arises, clients should be made aware that nurses and aides are always willing to help even if it is just a trip to the restroom. Clients should be re-assured that they are not being bothersome and ask for assistance at any time during their patient stay. This is how nurses should promote beneficence and ensure trust amongst our patient population. Conclusion Ensuring client safety should be the main concern for nurses and healthcare professionals. Although the Joint Commission has addressed problems with client falls, there is always room for improvement. Nurses should be known as bedside leaders because out of the rest of the interdisciplinary team, we know our patients the best and they are our priority. References Burkhardt, M. A. , Nathaniel, A. K. (2008). Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing (3rd ed. , pp. 452-453). Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning. Hart-Hughes, S. , Quigley, P. , Palacios, P. , Bulat, T. , Scott, S. (2007 ). An Interdisciplinary Approach to Reducing Fall Risks and Falls. Journal of Rehabilitation,  70(4), 46-51. Retrieved February 9, 2012, from CINAHL Plus with Full Text. Joint Commission, The. (2007). National Patient Safety Goals — Facts about the 2007 National Patient Safety Goals. Retrieved February 7, 2012, from http://www. jointcommission. org/PatientSafety/NationalPatientSafetyGoals/07_npsg_facts. htm Tzeng, H. , Yin, C. (2008, June). Nurses’ Solutions to Prevent Inpatient FallsHospital Settings [Electronic version]. Nursing Economics,  26(3), 179-187. Retrieved February 9, 2012, from CINAHL Plus with Full Text. How to cite Patient Falls, Essay examples

Net-a-Porter Handbag Swot Anaysis free essay sample

From entry price DVF bags at ? 265 to the seasons ‘must have’ bags at ? 2000 upwards, customers from all ends of the luxury spectrum are catered for. The Spring / Summer edit has a great colour mix and covers all of the main SS12 handbag trends. With Fringing covered by Dries, Balmain and Louboutin, Studs are featured in Margiela and Wang, and Lanvin, Miu Miu and The Row all feature the seasons bigest trend exocitic skins. There is a very strong representation for the Domestic UK, European and US customers. Brands such as Chloe, Lanvin, Bottega and cater well for the central European customers while Victoria Beckham, Stella McCartney and McQueen are all firm favourites with domestic customers. The Arab customer is also well catered for, with brands like Pucci, Cavalli and Etro. Exocitic skins, which are very popular among Middle Eastern customers, are also well represented across a variety of brands. As the Middle Eastern customer is one of the worlds most prosperous regions where many spend up to 30% of their income on fashion it is important to keep this edit strong. We will write a custom essay sample on Net-a-Porter Handbag Swot Anaysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another area in which Net-a-Porter excells is in online searches. Net-a-Porter is among the top five search results when you search for almost all of the top handbag brands such as Mulberry, Yves Sant Laurent, Anya Hindmarch and Bottega. The only other retailer which comes up as consistently is Harrods. Weaknesses Hermes, Dior , Louis Vuitton, Chanel, Comme de Garcon, Gucci, Burberry, Armani and Prada, are among the top most searched for luxury fashion brands in China, and are not featured in the Net-a-porter handbags selection. As China is the fastest growing luxury fashion customer base, it in imperative that they are catered for in the Net-a-Porter handbag buy. Lack of exclusivity in the handbag offering. While exclusivity is strong across Net-a-porter as a whole, the handbag edit does not have many exclusive styles. Almost all everything can be found on the Harvey Nichols, Selfridges, Harrods or My Wardrobe websites. In particular the Selfridges website has over 45 exclusive handbag styles online, from a variety of brands which include Mulberry, Alexander Wang and Anya Hindmarch. To combat this Net-a porter should negotiate world exclusivity on a number of ‘it bags’ for next season, either by having early delivery to ensure a week or two of exclusivity or by commissioning an exclusive colour option in the most popular styles. At present Net-a-porter has no representation for Celine handbags, which has become the most covetable handbag brand across the high fashion world and accounts for a considerable percentage of handbag sales in London department stores. As they grow from strength to strength it would be advisable for Net-a-porter to try and include Celine in their edit. Opportunities As Net-a-Porter only operates online, it has not been possible to buy some brands such as Louis Vuitton, Chanel or Celine. Luxury brands like these have been wary of the digital realm due to fears that it might dilute its exclusivity, but many are now moving more and more into digital and online marketing which will eventually lead to online retailing. By negotiating with brands such as these which are not currently sold online, Net-a-porter can be the first and only retailer to sell these online which will bring a new level of exclusivity to the site. Celine, Chanel and Louis Vuitton, in particular, would be the big ones to target, Celine for the high fashion customer, and Louis Vuitton and Chanel for the growing Asian market. Pre-selling through customer events. With the success of the new Moda Operandi website, it is clear that customers want their products as soon as they appear on the catwalk . By pre-selling handbags as soon as they have appeared at fashion week Net-a-porter can target the fashion forward customer who know what they want to buy for the season, well before the product arrives on department stores shop floor, therefore building on and ensuring customer loyalty. The global luxury goods market is forecast to expand by 65% by 2015, with most of this growth coming from emerging economies, especially in Asia Pacific. China remains the key growth generator in the region, but new demand is also coming from other markets such as South Korea, Taiwan and to a lesser extent India. Net-a-Porter has a clear opportunity to target these customer groups by providing a tailored handbag edit of the top selling brands in these countries. Threats Being number one in its market, some of Net-a-porters proven strategies are being imitated, to various degrees, by other large retailers such as Selfridges and Harrods, both of which have made huge improvements to their websites, and their handbag edits, in recent months. For example Selfridges have over three times the handbag product online now as they had this time last year. Harvey Nichols also continue to add new handbag brands to their online store. As these stores continue to catch up with Net-a-porter it is really important the Net continues to hone and develop its product range to remain the best. Another threat is exclusivity in department stores. As department stores continue to catch up with Net through the development of their online stores, Net-a-Porter in turn needs to try and match what is offered by department stores. One thing is that department stores do particularly well for handbags is, exclusive product. Liberty, Harrods and Selfridges are all known for their variety of store exclusive styles in their handbag edit. In order to maintain its reputation as the worlds premier online retailer, Net-a-porter needs to match their level of exclusivity and provide more style options that are available only at Neta-Porter.